高考英語語法時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥

2016-02-29 13:55:59搜狐教育

　　高考英語語法時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)句子背誦

　　一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（經(jīng)常、習(xí)慣、真理格言、時(shí)刻表、主將從現(xiàn)）

　　do / does → am / is / are done

　　常搭配的時(shí)間狀語：always, often, usually, sometimes, at times, on Saturdays, every day, once a month, frequently, every+基數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(每隔…) …

　　翻譯：

1.就像老話說的那樣，失敗是成功之母。

　　As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success.

　　2.我們每?jī)芍芑丶乙淮巍?br />
　　We go home every other week.

　　3.他每天早上5：30起床，晚上10：00上床睡覺。

　　He gets up at 5：30 every morning and go to bed at 10：00 every night.

　　4.作業(yè)每天都做。（用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）

　　Homework is done everyday.

　　5.我們家附近有一家醫(yī)院，這對(duì)我們很必要。

　　There is a hospital nearby which is necessary for us.

　　6.我的航班于上午10點(diǎn)鐘起飛。

　　My flight takes off at 10:00 AM.

　　7.如果你盡力的話你會(huì)成功的。

　　You’ll succeed if you try your best.

　　8.他一來我就告訴他這件事。

　　I’ll tell him about it as soon as he comes.

　　補(bǔ)充：want, hope, plan, expect, intend, mean, suppose, think本身一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)后接不定式表示將來的含義

　　9.我打算上一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。

　　I expect to go to a key university.

　　做題法寶：一看主語定單復(fù)數(shù)、定語態(tài)，二看狀語或其他句子中的動(dòng)詞定時(shí)態(tài)

　　一．一般過去式

　　did → was/were done

　　常搭配的時(shí)間狀語：yesterday, last week/month, ago, in the past, in 1980, in the 1980s, the day before yesterday, the other day(不久前的一天), at that time, later that day, once upon a time,…

　　翻譯：

1.我小學(xué)上了五年。

　　I studied at the primary school for five years.

　　2.我半年前加入了這個(gè)俱樂部。

　　I joined the club half a year ago.

　　3.自從他加入到這個(gè)俱樂部已經(jīng)半年了。

　　It has been half a year since I joined the club.

　　4..他在拐角處停下把空瓶子扔進(jìn)了垃圾箱。

　　He stopped at the corner and dropped the empty bottle into the dustbin.

　　5.從1952年到1959年他在部隊(duì)當(dāng)了7年兵。

　　He served in the army from 1952 to 1959 for seven years.

　　6.中國(guó)不再是它過去的樣子了。

　　China is no longer what it used to be.

　　7.過去，他寫了五部小說。

　　Five novels were written by him in the past.

　　8.是時(shí)候努力學(xué)習(xí)了。

　　It’s high time that you worked hard.

　　9.如果我是你的話，我會(huì)更努力學(xué)習(xí)Englishtec。

　　If I were you, I would work harder.

　　三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(動(dòng)作始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)下去)

　　has / have done →has / have been done

　　常搭配的時(shí)間狀語：lately, recently, in/over/during the past/last few days, these days, so far, by now, up to now, till now,…

　　1.這是到這個(gè)學(xué)校以來，我出席的最重要的講座。

　　It is the most important lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.

　　2.到目前為止，Tom已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個(gè)英語單詞了。

　　So far, Tom has learned 2000 English words.

　　3.她教英語有20年了。

　　She has taught English for 20 years.

　　4.你去過倫敦嗎？

　　Have you ever been to London?

　　5. So far, progress _____has been______ (be) very good and we are sure that the work________will be finished________

　　(finish) on time.

　　6.—I ____haven’t found________(find) the book till now.

　　---Don’t worry. You may have left it at home.

　　7.His first novel _____has received________(receive) good reviews since it___came out_____(出版、發(fā)行) last month.

　　8.In the past few years thousands of films ___have been produced_________(produce) all over the world.

　　四、過去完成時(shí)

　　had done → had been done

　　常搭配的時(shí)間狀語: by then, until then,by that time, before 2000, by the end of last month, by the time he was ten,…

　　過去完成時(shí)的用法：

　　1.過去的過去；到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為止的動(dòng)作

　　2.hardly/scarely(過完)… when(一般過去)

　　no sooner(過完)… than(一般過去) 表示“剛…就…”

　　3.It/This/That was + the 序數(shù)詞 time + that (過完) “那是第幾次做…”

　　4.hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于過去完成時(shí)時(shí)表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為“原本…”

　　1.他說他在國(guó)外呆了3年了。

　　He said he had been abroad for 3 years.

　　2.在我回家之前他已經(jīng)離開了。

　　He had left before I got home.

　　3.到上個(gè)學(xué)期末，我已經(jīng)學(xué)了3000歌單詞。

　　By the end of last term, I had learnt 3000 words.

　　4.比賽剛剛開始就開始下雨了。

　　Hardly had the game began when it started to rain.

　　5.那是他第三次犯同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤了。

　　It was the third time that he had made the same mistake.

　　6.我本想幫你的，但當(dāng)時(shí)太忙了。

　　I had intended to help you, but I was too busy.

　　五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　am/is/are doing →am/is/are being done

　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：

　　1.說話時(shí)或者現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；

　　2.某些短暫性動(dòng)詞如come/go/start/ open /close/arrive/return/begin/leave用于進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；

　　3.與always / continually/ constantly/forever/all the time 連用表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，含有厭惡、贊賞、遺憾等情緒

　　1.我們的朋友現(xiàn)在正在外邊等我們呢。

　　Our friends are waiting for us outside.

　　2.她現(xiàn)在正在大學(xué)學(xué)英語。

　　She is studying English in college.

　　3.我爸媽這周六要來看我。

　　My parents are coming to see my this Statuary.

　　4.他總是先想到其他人。

　　He is always thinking of others first.

　　5.教學(xué)樓正在被建。

　　The building is being built now.

　　六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　was/were doing → was/were being done

　　常用時(shí)間狀語：at this/that time + 過去時(shí)間；at…o’clock + 過去時(shí)間；from…to…+過去時(shí)間； those days; just now; last night

　　1.昨天晚上9點(diǎn)鐘你在干什么呢？

　　What were you doing at nine last night?

　　2.那個(gè)男孩子正在寫作業(yè)的時(shí)候突然他爸爸進(jìn)來了。

　　The boy was doing his homework when his father came in.

　　七、一般將來時(shí)

will do → will be done

　　1.老師一來，我們就開始上課。

　　We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

　　2.——Sorry, I forgot to buy the book you need.

　　——It doesn’t matter. I __will____ go myself.

　　3.Look at the clouds. It __is going to___________ rain.

　　4. They are to be married in this May. (按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,非個(gè)人能隨意改變)

　　5. 你媽回來之前你不要出去。（要求或命令他人做某事）

　　You are to stay home until your mother comes back.

　　6. He is to succeed. (注定)

　　7. The Queen ____is to_______visitJapanin a week’s time.

　　8. The train ___is about to leave_______ (leave).火車馬上就要離開。

　　八、過去將來時(shí)

would do → would be done

　　表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，有過去時(shí)間或動(dòng)作作參照。Was/were about to do ….when…該句型很少與表示將來的具體時(shí)間狀語連用，但可以和when引導(dǎo)的狀語連用。

　　1.他說他會(huì)在車站等我們。

　　He said he would wait for us at the bus stop.

　　2.我正準(zhǔn)備出門的時(shí)候我的一位老朋友來了。

　　I was to about to go out when one of my old friends came.

　　九、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

will be + doing→ will be being done

　　表將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。

　　明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。

　　I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.

　　十、將來完成時(shí)

will have +done → will have been done

　　表在將來某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語非常明顯。

　　常用的時(shí)間狀語一般用by+將來的時(shí)間。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句。

　　到下個(gè)月底，他就已經(jīng)學(xué)了3000個(gè)單詞了。

　　By the end of next month, he will have learnt 3000 words.