高考英語動詞及動詞短語考點
2021-09-25 17:31:59高考網(wǎng)整理
高考英語動詞及動詞短語考點
高頻考點一 動詞詞義辨析
例1.(2019·江蘇卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A.resembling B.reflecting
C.reviewing D.restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意:城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物,它反映了人類的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。resemble“看起來像”;reflect“反映”;review“檢查”;restore“恢復(fù)”。
【舉一反三】【2018·江蘇】22. Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A. indicate B. investigate
C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意:孩子不應(yīng)該接觸暴力電影,因為他們也許會模仿他們所見的事情。A. indicate指示;B. investigate調(diào)查;C. imitate模仿;D. innovate改革。故選C。
【變式探究】When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest.
A. limited B. reserved C. reflected D. spoiled
【答案】C
【解析】句意:當(dāng)最后決定課程的時候到了,我決定申請能反映我興趣的課程。A.限制;B.保留;C.反映,反射;D.寵壞。故選C。
【變式探究】While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A.sacrifice B.substitute
C.simplify D.survive
【答案】C
【解析】句意:聰明的人常常能把復(fù)雜的事情簡單化,而愚蠢的人更可能把簡單的問題復(fù)雜化。根據(jù)句意可知,這里用simplify與后面的the simple對應(yīng),the complex與后面的complicate呼應(yīng)。sacrifice“犧牲”;substitute“代替”;survive“幸存”。
【舉一反三】A good listener takes part in the conversation, ________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
A.realizing B.copying
C.offering D.misunderstanding
【答案】C
【解析】句意:善于傾聽的人在談話的時候,往往會提出想法和問題,從而使得談話能流暢地進行下去。offer“提供,主動提出”,符合句意。realize“意識到”;copy“復(fù)制”;misunderstand“誤解”。
高頻考點二 動詞短語辨析
例2.(2019·江蘇卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A.take up B.clear up
C.hold up D.spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:為了滿足清潔能源的要求,更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將涌現(xiàn)出來。take up“占據(jù),從事”;clear up“清理”;hold up“舉起,阻礙”;spring up“迅速出現(xiàn),突然興起”。
【舉一反三】【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析及語境理解。句意:起初,羅伯特不愿讓他女兒去潛水,但最終他讓步了,因為她對她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服,讓步;B. dressed up打扮;C. broke in闖入;打斷;D. turned up出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知,最終他讓步了。故選A。
【變式探究】(2017?天津)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的女兒安頓下來,結(jié)婚生子。A.安頓下來;B.遠離;C起床;D.擦嘴。根據(jù)句意,故選A。
【變式探究】Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation
A.fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。短語fall off跌落,下降;take off起飛,成功,受歡迎;turn off關(guān)閉;leave off停止,中斷;句意:由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境,很多大學(xué)生創(chuàng)辦的生意都很成功。根據(jù)句意可知B正確。
【變式探究】Mother always complains that children ________ their shoes very quickly.
A.find out B.wash out
C.wear out D.set out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:母親總是抱怨孩子們的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用壞,(使)磨損”,符合語境。find out“查明”;wash out“把……洗掉”;set out“啟程,動身”。
【舉一反三】Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A.carry on B.feed on
C.put on D.focus on
【答案】B
【解析】句意:蝴蝶以花產(chǎn)生的一種甜甜的液體為食,蜜蜂和別的昆蟲則采集這種液體。carry on“繼續(xù)”;feed on“以……為食物”;put on“上演,穿上”;focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于……上)”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B。
高頻考點三 動詞(短語)的熟詞生義
例3.The two countries are going to meet to ________ some barriers to trade between them.
A.make up B.use up
C.turn down D.break down
【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:這兩個國家將要會面以掃除兩國之間的貿(mào)易障礙。make up“組成,構(gòu)成,編造,虛構(gòu),和解”;use up“用完,用光”;turn down“拒絕,調(diào)低”;break down常見熟義:分解,出故障;生義:掃除(障礙),清除(困難),失敗。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞meet(會面)以及barriers(障礙)可知是掃除障礙。
【舉一反三】Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.It has really ________ the test of time.
A.failed B.stood
C.taken D.conducted
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意:莎士比亞的作品當(dāng)今依舊很受歡迎,它的確經(jīng)受住了時間的檢驗。根據(jù)前一句“Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.”可推知,后一句意為“莎士比亞的作品經(jīng)受住了(stood)時間的檢驗”。Stand常見熟義:站立,位于;生義:經(jīng)受住,容忍,忍受。Stand the test of time經(jīng)受住了時間的檢驗,故選B項。
【變式探究】The athlete‘s years of hard training ________when she finally won the Olympic gold medal in the 2016 Olympics in Rio De Janeiro.
A.went on B.got through
C.paid off D.ended up
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:當(dāng)這個運動員最終在2016年里約熱內(nèi)盧奧運會上獲得奧運會金牌時,她多年的刻苦訓(xùn)練總算得到了回報。Pay off熟義為“還清”,生義為“取得成功,奏效”,符合句意;go on“繼續(xù)下去”;get through“完成,處理”;end up“最終處于……”。
【舉一反三】We all agreed that the cottage would ________a perfect holiday home for the family.
A.make B.turn
C.take D.have
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意:我們都認(rèn)為這幢小別墅非常適合全家度假時居住。make在此為熟詞生義,表示“適合做,宜用作”,符合題意。
1.(2019·江蘇卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A.resembling B.reflecting
C.reviewing D.restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意:城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物,它反映了人類的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。resemble“看起來像”;reflect“反映”;review“檢查”;restore“恢復(fù)”。
2.(2019·江蘇卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A.take up B.clear up
C.hold up D.spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:為了滿足清潔能源的要求,更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將涌現(xiàn)出來。take up“占據(jù),從事”;clear up“清理”;hold up“舉起,阻礙”;spring up“迅速出現(xiàn),突然興起”。
3.(2019·天津卷)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.
A.set aside B.take back
C.make out D.keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:凱特聽到背景中有一個男人的聲音,但是聽不清他在說什么。A項意為“暫不考慮”;B項意為“收回”;C項意為“聽清”;D項意為“使避開”。結(jié)合語境可知,應(yīng)選C。