英語(yǔ)介詞,高考真題語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
2019-01-25 14:41:59三好網(wǎng)
Ⅰ. 單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.(2015·浙江,10改編)Most people work because it's unavoidable.__By__contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
解析:by contrast“相比之下”。句意:大部分人工作是因?yàn)樗菬o(wú)法逃避的。而相比之下,有些人工作是因?yàn)榈拇_享受工作。
2.(2015·浙江,17改編)These comments came __in__response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
解析:in response to“回應(yīng)”。句意:這些評(píng)論出現(xiàn)是為了回應(yīng)那些當(dāng)?shù)匦侣動(dòng)浾呓?jīng)常問(wèn)到的具體問(wèn)題。
3.(2015·湖北,30改編)This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you __in__advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.
解析:in advance提前。句意:會(huì)議室是非吸煙區(qū)。我想提前警告你:如果你在這兒吸煙的話。你會(huì)被罰款的。
4.(2015·重慶,10改編)Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68 ℃ __above__ the average.
解析:above the average在一般水平以上。句意:去年是有記錄以來(lái)最熱的一年,全球氣溫比平均氣溫高0.68℃。
5.(2016·江西南昌高三聯(lián)考)If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence__with__violence,...I will tell my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys.
解析:answer violence with violence以暴治暴。
6.(2015·福建,32改編)Human life is regarded as part of nature and;as such,the only way for us to survive is to live__in__harmony with nature.
解析:in harmony with與……和諧共處。句意:人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分;就這點(diǎn)而論,我們要存活下來(lái)的唯一方式就是與大自然和諧共處。
7.(2014·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ,改編)He reported the case __to__ the police and then sat there,lost and lonely in a strange city.
解析:句意為:他向警察報(bào)告了這個(gè)事件,然后孤獨(dú)迷茫地坐在一個(gè)陌生的城市里。report...to...為固定搭配,意為“向……報(bào)告……”。
8.(2014·福建,22改編)Our club is open to everyone regardless__of__age,sex or educational background.
解析:句意為:我們的俱樂(lè)部向每個(gè)人開(kāi)放,不管你的年齡、性別或教育背景。regardless of意為“不管;不顧”,為固定搭配。
9.(2014·天津,6改編)In addition __to__the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built with government support.
解析:句意為:除了學(xué)校之外,村子里還有一家診所,它也是在政府的支持下建起來(lái)的。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞also可知,學(xué)校也是政府開(kāi)辦的,故填to,in addition to意為“除了……之外(還)”。
10.(2014·浙江,10改編)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything__in__ return.
解析:句意為:當(dāng)詹姆斯呆在這個(gè)村里的時(shí)候,他無(wú)私地把他有的所有東西與村民分享,不求任何回報(bào)。根據(jù)前面的單詞unselfishly可知他這樣做不圖回報(bào)。in return為固定短語(yǔ),意為“作為回報(bào)”。
11. The children dressed __in__ long wool coats stopped to look at us.
解析:句意為:穿著長(zhǎng)羊毛外套的孩子們停下來(lái)看著我們。be dressed in意為“穿著……”,為固定搭配。
12.The desire for self-improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities __beyond__ physical classrooms.
解析:句意為:自我完善的愿望促使許多中國(guó)學(xué)生去追求超越實(shí)體課堂教育的機(jī)會(huì)。beyond意為“超出……”。
13.With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken __in__ color.
解析:句意為:由于有了這項(xiàng)新的科技,水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意為“彩色的”,符合句意。
14.She works well with those who are superior __to__ her in the company.
解析:句意為:她與公司那些職務(wù)高于她的人相處得很好。be superior to意為“優(yōu)于……;高
于……”,為固定短語(yǔ)。
15.__Despite__ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.
解析:句意為:雖然這個(gè)香港歌手現(xiàn)在很受歡迎,但是在才藝秀之前她在內(nèi)地還不為人知。despite意為“雖然”,符合句意。
16.I have an appointment __with__Dr. Brown, but I need to change it.
解析:句意為:我與布朗先生有約,但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意為“與某人有約”,為固定短語(yǔ)。
17.Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated __to__ a wonderful dinner.
解析:句意為:所有來(lái)這兒開(kāi)會(huì)的人都將享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意為“款待,招待某人享用……”,是固定短語(yǔ)。
18.Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's __against__ my principles, you know.
解析:句意為:無(wú)論如何,對(duì)于這件事我不能說(shuō)謊,你知道這違背了我的原則。against意為“反對(duì);違反”,符合句意。
19.(2015·浙江,3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes __to__ animals both on land and sea?
解析:be home to...“是……的家園”。
20.(2015·陜西,12改編)The little pupil took his grandma __by__the arm and walked her across the street.
解析:“take sb. by+the+身體部位”為固定搭配,意為“抓住某人的……”。句意:那個(gè)小學(xué)生抓著他奶奶的手臂,領(lǐng)她過(guò)了街道。拓展:The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那個(gè)小偷的衣領(lǐng),把他帶到了警察局。
、. 語(yǔ)法填空
在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1. for__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman __2. with__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3. of__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4. in__ 1909.
Having been raised __5. by__ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know howspecial he was __6. to__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, __7. in__ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8. in__ Spokane, Washington __9. on__ the 19th of June, 1910.
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10. as__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.
Ⅲ. 單句改錯(cuò)
1.(2015·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.
答案與解析:on→with with the development of...隨著……的發(fā)展。
2.(2016·新課標(biāo)Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college.
答案與解析:to→for 句意:現(xiàn)在,我要離開(kāi)家去上大學(xué)。根據(jù)句意可知,此處指的是“離開(kāi)家去上大學(xué)”,所以用for,表示目的。
3.(2014·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ,改編)Nearly five years ago,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.
答案與解析:by→of 句意為:大約五年前,在父親的幫助下,我和姐姐在后花園種植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.為固定搭配,意為“在某人的幫助下”。故將by改為of。
4.(2013·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ,改編)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.
答案與解析:toward→to或into turn from...to/into...從……變成……。
5.(2016·四川)Dad cleaned the house,and then went on shopping.
答案與解析:去掉on 句意:爸爸打掃了房子,然后去購(gòu)物了。go shopping“去購(gòu)物”,是固定短語(yǔ)。