高三英語作文復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃,讓你知道每個(gè)階段做什么
2018-02-02 17:19:48我愛學(xué)英語
高三英語作文復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃
作文在英語高考中占據(jù)了重要的地位,但是在實(shí)際教學(xué)中我們又很難以具體到每個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)他們進(jìn)行個(gè)體的教學(xué)。但是可以在總體上,可以指定一個(gè)周密的計(jì)劃,讓學(xué)生能夠按部就班的提高自己的寫作能力和寫作興趣。由于作文是有詞、句、段落等基本要素然后綜合構(gòu)成了一個(gè)整體。為了能夠達(dá)到逐步提高的目標(biāo),我們可以分階段去進(jìn)行。
第一階段:讓學(xué)生明白句子的基本構(gòu)成;镜木渥映煞职ㄖ髡Z、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語和同位語等。主語是句子的主體,是要說明的對(duì)象,是動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者,在教學(xué)過程中讓學(xué)生明白常用作主語的詞有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、從句等。還要讓學(xué)生明白有時(shí)it也可以作為形式主語。例如:It’s said that she is a promising player.謂語是用來描述動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征。謂語動(dòng)詞只可以有動(dòng)詞(短語)來充當(dāng),有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。也要區(qū)分動(dòng)詞的三單和名詞分復(fù)數(shù)形式的區(qū)別。其他幾種句子的成分也要注意 的是哪些詞可以當(dāng),如可作賓語的有名詞、代詞、v-ing等。
第二階段:讓學(xué)生可以掌握幾種基本句式。五種基本句式包括:主謂、主謂賓、主系表、主謂間接賓語直接賓語、主謂賓賓補(bǔ)。首先讓學(xué)生明白主謂結(jié)構(gòu)和主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別,讓學(xué)生能夠在作文中很好的使用這些句型,尤其是要注意這些句型的語態(tài)的使用,讓學(xué)生明白主謂結(jié)構(gòu)不能使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。在作文中預(yù)防犯錯(cuò)。
第三階段:讓學(xué)生能夠逐步學(xué)會(huì)使用并列句和復(fù)合句。首先,在并列句的使用過程中首先要了解并列句的類型和并列連詞,例如表示并列關(guān)系的有:and,both...and,not only ....but also,neither...nor,轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的有but、yet、whereas,因果關(guān)系的有for,so ,therefore ,thus,對(duì)比的有while,并列句的常用句式有:(1)祈使句+and+陳述句,如work hard and you will succeed,名詞短語+and+陳述句,another try,and you will make a success.其次讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在作文中使用復(fù)合句.復(fù)合句有很多類型,這里以定語從句為例子.定語從句是比較難掌握的,而學(xué)生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復(fù)合句.為了寫好,可以嘗試以下”三步法”:第一,寫出兩個(gè)簡單句.第二:在一個(gè)簡單句中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯,這個(gè)詞在兩個(gè)簡單句中都有,第三不把另一個(gè)簡單句變成定語從句,要注意引導(dǎo)詞的使用.例如:第一步:1.The foreigner is from Canada.2He visited our class yesterday 第二步找到foreigner 第三步組句:The foreigner who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada.但是在定語從句中要注意不要誤用關(guān)系詞:I live in Bejing ,which is the capital of China.不可以誤用為關(guān)系副詞where.定語從句中也不可以和并列句混淆例如;In fact ,smoking is a bad habit,which/and it does great harm to people’s health.當(dāng)然還有很多的復(fù)合句,都可以用在作文,同樣可以讓作文增色,但是前提是在正確的運(yùn)用復(fù)合句的情形之下。還有文章如果過多使用簡單句會(huì)讓人覺得單調(diào)乏味,而過多使用復(fù)合句又顯得累贅,讀起來費(fèi)力。為了解決這種問題可以恰當(dāng)?shù)氖褂梅侵^語動(dòng)詞對(duì)簡單句和復(fù)合句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。一、運(yùn)用非謂轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句例如:第一步,1 I feel quite sorry for that .2 I begin to think about what to do to help
變成:Feeling quite sorry for that ,I begin to think about what to do to help.二、運(yùn)用非謂轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句,第一步;寫出復(fù)合句。After we had practiced palying basketball for almost two months ,we strongly desired to be the winner.
變成:Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months,we strongly desired to be the winner.其他幾種復(fù)合句的轉(zhuǎn)換也是類似的。
最后階段,讓學(xué)生對(duì)文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)有個(gè)整體的把握,能夠用詞句段落組成整篇文章,表達(dá)一定的主題。這就要在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中教會(huì)學(xué)生怎樣開頭,怎么樣結(jié)尾,怎樣來行文。首先,要寫好文章的開頭,讓學(xué)生明白開頭要做到開門見山,使讀者了解文章要談什么,最好要能很快引起讀者的興趣。為了能夠?qū)懞瞄_頭,可以讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)以下幾種常見的開頭的方法:1.背景法——說明事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)背景等
Last Monday,my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip.2主題句法——提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)和論據(jù)作為文章要闡明和論述的主題Old people can play an important role in our country,because they have experience ,they are wiser ,and they have enough time.3 問題法——用提出問題的方法來引出文章的內(nèi)容,以吸引讀者的注意力,Why do we go to university? Different people have different opinons 4引語法——摘錄明人名言或習(xí)語諺語作為文章的開端There an old English saying”Gain time ,gain life”5定義法——常見于對(duì)標(biāo)題下定義,然后通過舉例、邏輯推理等方法加以說明 A good student is one who possesses good morality,sound health ,perfect knowledge and various abilities 還可以用數(shù)據(jù)法和實(shí)例法等來作為文章的開頭。其次,讓學(xué)生寫好結(jié)尾。結(jié)尾有概括全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)或肯定文章的中心思想,升華主題作用?梢杂幸韵聨追N方法:1 照應(yīng)開頭Everyone enjoys beautiful things .And seeing sunrise may be one of the most unusual experiences in our life.2 復(fù)述中心we must protect the water as well as find ways to reuse it .If not ,the last drop of water will be a teardrop.3 總結(jié)式In a word ,a friend in need is a friend indeed.May all of us treasure friendship.4引用式I believe my dream will come true one day because”Where there is a will ,there is a way’5希望式 The internet is now very important to me beacause it not only gives me a lot of fun but also it is very useful .I like it and hope you will like it ,too.問題式Will you jion us in the next century?How romantic and fantastic it will be!
最后在寫作中要注意文章的句子間、段落間的銜接和過渡。讓學(xué)生可以掌握以下幾種連接性詞語。一、表示起始關(guān)系的,above all ,first of all ,to begin with ,according to ,as you know ,as is shown in 等,二、表示時(shí)間順序的過渡性詞語,first(ly), then , later ,in the end finally afterwards ,since then ,immediately, suddenly ,meanwhile.等。三、表示并列關(guān)系的過渡性詞語,and, or, also,as well as,neither...nor,not only ...but also,等。四、表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,but ,yet, however while otherwise,on the contrary等。表示因果關(guān)系;because ,as ,since ,for thanks to ,due to ,as a result of ,so therefore ,等六、表示條件關(guān)系的過渡,if unless, in case of as long as on condition that 七表示遞進(jìn) what’s more ,furthermore moreover besides,what’s worse still less,to make things worse 等八表示列舉事實(shí)的,such as ,for example/instance,take ....for example that is to say,as follows,等九表示觀點(diǎn)性的,in my opinion ,in my point of view,as far as I am concerned,as for me,personally, I think 等。十表示總結(jié)性的,in short, in brief ,in conclusion , in a /one word, to sum up all in all, on the whole ,in general,generally speaking等
總之,為了寫好一篇英語作文,文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)也非常的重要。