高一英語輔導(dǎo):高頻率介詞搭配(5)
2011-07-29 13:15:27搜狐教育社區(qū)
八、ON
1.動詞+on
a)動詞+ on。介詞on表示“憑借,產(chǎn)生某結(jié)果,接通”等意思:act on對…有作用, bring on促使;導(dǎo)致, call on拜訪某人, count on依賴, carry on執(zhí)行, depend on取決, feed on以…為生, figure on料想;推斷, go on繼續(xù), have on穿著, insist on堅持, keep on繼續(xù), lean on依賴, live on以…為生, pull on迅速穿上, put on穿上, switch on接通(電源), take to喜歡;養(yǎng)成;輕易學(xué)會,turn on接通(電源), work on操作, wait on侍候。例如:
This kind of medicine acts on the heart. 這種藥對心臟有好處。
The fine weather brings on the crops nicely. 好天氣促使莊稼長勢良好。
We count on you to help. 我們有賴你的幫助。
b)動詞+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)。on的意思是“以…,對…,在某方面”:base on以…為基礎(chǔ), congratulate on恭賀, fix on固定, have mercy on憐憫, have pity on憐惜, keep watch on監(jiān)視, spend on把時間、精力花在某方面。例如:
Theory should be based on practice. 理論聯(lián)系實際。
Congratulate on your success in the competition. 恭喜你競賽獲得成功。
2.be+形容詞+on的詞組:
be dependent on依賴, be hard on對某人苛刻, be impressed on對…印象深刻, be keen on渴望, be strict on對…嚴(yán)格。例如:
We can’t just be dependent on our parents. 我們不能只依賴父母。
He is keen on going abroad. 他渴望出國。
3.on+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組:
on表示處于某種狀態(tài)或在某個方位:on board乘(車,飛機), on call聽候召喚, on duty值班, on earth到底, on fire著火, on foot步行,on guard在崗,on hire雇用,on holiday度假,on leave休假,on one’s knees跪下, on one’s way在…的路上,on purpose故意, on sale待售,on shore在岸上, on time準(zhǔn)時, on the move行動, on the other hand另一方面, on the spot當(dāng)場, on the tip of one’s tongue快要說出口, on top of在…的頂部,on watch值班。
九、TO
1.動詞+to
a)動詞+ to。介詞to意為“達(dá)到,指向”等:adjust to適應(yīng), attend to處理;照料, agree to贊同, amount to加起來達(dá)…,belong to屬于, come to達(dá)到, drink to為…干杯,get to到達(dá), happen to發(fā)生在某人身上, hold to緊握, lead to通向, listen to聽, occur to想起, object to反對, point to指向, respond to回答, refer to參考;指的是…;涉及, reply to回答, see to負(fù)責(zé), stick to堅持, turn to求助, write to給某人寫信。
例如:
She must learn to adjust herself to English life. 她必須學(xué)會適應(yīng)英國的生活。
Business has to be attended to. 有事要辦。
An idea occurred to me. 我想出一個辦法。
b)動詞(+sth.)+to+sb.。下列動詞不能直接帶間接賓語sb.,要接間接賓語時須在動詞后加介詞to:announce to通知某人, describe to向某人描述, explain to向某人解釋, express to對某人表達(dá), mention to提及, nod to向某人點頭, report to報告, say to告知, shout to對某人大叫, suggest to對某人提建議, speak to與某人交談, talk to跟某人談話, whisper to和某人低聲耳語。例如:
She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee. 她跟我向委員會推舉了一兩個合適的人選。
c)動詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此時介詞to可譯成“到,于,給”等意思:add to增加, compare to比作, carry to運送至, devote to致力于, introduce to介紹給, invite to邀請參加, join to連接到, leave to委托給, reduce to下降至, sentence to判處, take to帶到。例如:
Please add a piece of candy to coffee. 請給咖啡加塊糖。
Poets like to compare life to stage. 詩人喜歡把人生比作舞臺。